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• Corrosion
  • Corrosion Science
    • Corrosion Testing
    • Corrosion Case Studies
  • Corrosion Process
    • Types of Corrosion
    • Corrosion Rate
    • Steel Corrosion
    • Galvanic Corrosion
  • Corrosion Protection for Steel
    • Hot-Dip Galvanizing for Corrosion Protection
    • Duplex Systems for Corrosion Protection
    • Zinc Coatings
      • Batch Hot-Dip Galvanizing
      • Metallizing
      • Zinc-Rich Paint
      • Continuous Sheet Galvanizing
      • Electroplating
      • Mechanical Plating
      • Zinc Plating
    • Protective Coatings
      • Paint
      • Powder
    • Special Steels
    • Sacrificial Anodes
  • Effects of Corrosion
• Hot-Dip Galvanizing
  • What is Galvanizing?
    • HDG Process
    • The HDG Coating
      • Duplex Systems: Paint or Powder Coating over HDG
    • Facts About HDG
    • FAQ
    • Glossary
  • Why Specify Galvanizing?
    • Corrosion Protection
    • Durability
    • Availability & Versatility
    • Aesthetics
  • How Long Does HDG Last?
    • In the Atmosphere
      • Time to First Maintenance
        • Zinc Coating Life Predictor
        • Atmospheric Corrosion Data
    • In Soil
      • Soil Corrosion Data
    • In Water
      • Water Corrosion Data
    • In Concrete
    • In Chemical Solutions
    • In Contact with Other Metals
    • In Contact with Treated Wood
    • In Contact with Food
    • In Extreme Temperatures
  • Is Galvanizing Sustainable?
    • HDG Environmental Advantages
    • HDG & LEED®
      • Environmental Product Declaration (EPD)
      • Health Product Declaration (HPD)
    • HDG Economic Advantages
  • How Much Does HDG Cost?
  • What is Zinc?
    • Zinc & the Environment
    • Zinc Health Effects
    • Zinc Uses
    • Zinc Recycling
    • Facts About Zinc
• Design & Fabrication
  • Design Considerations
    • Bend Diameters
    • Cold Worked Steels
    • Dissimilar Steel Chemistries
    • Dissimilar Metals in Contact
    • Distortion & Warping
    • Fasteners, Bolts & Nails
      • Hole Sizes
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    • Part Identification
    • Masking
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    • Moving Parts
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    • Steel Residues
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    • Venting & Drainage
      • Box Sections
      • Enclosed & Semi-Enclosed Products
      • Handrail
      • Pipe Columns, Girders & Poles
      • Pipe Truss 3" (8cm) & Larger
      • Rectangular Tube Truss
      • Tapered - Single Arm
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    • Weight Increase
    • Welding Before HDG
    • Zinc Metal Properties
  • Fabrication Considerations
    • Abrasive Blasting
    • Bending
      • Bending Before HDG
      • Bending After HDG
    • Distortion & Warping
    • Dulling Surfaces
    • Fasteners, Bolts & Nails
      • Holes
      • Tapping Threads
      • Threaded Assemblies
    • Marking Parts
    • Masking
    • Material Handling
    • Moving Parts
    • Overlapped Surfaces
    • Steel Residues
    • Steel Surfaces
    • Temporary Bracing
    • Venting & Drainage
      • Box Sections
      • Enclosed & Semi-Enclosed Products
      • Handrail
      • Pipe Columns, Girders & Poles
      • Pipe Truss 3" (8cm) & Larger
      • Rectangular Tube Truss
      • Tapered - Single Arm
      • Tubular Fabrications
    • Welding
      • Welding Before HDG
      • Welding Galvanized Steel
• Specification & Inspection
  • HDG Coating Specifications
    • ASTM Specifications
    • Other Galvanizing Standards
  • Specifying Duplex Systems
    • Preparing HDG for Paint
    • Preparing HDG for Powder Coat
  • Inspection of HDG
    • Types of Inspection
      • Coating Thickness/Weight
      • Appearance
      • Finish
      • Additional Tests
      • Sampling
      • Field Inspection
  • Repairing HDG Steel
  • Post HDG Considerations
    • Passivation
    • Plugging Holes
    • Storage
  • Inspection Course
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    • Inspector Listing - Non-U.S.
• HDG In Use
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• Core Galvanize It!
  • Introduction
  • Steel: Reliable, Resilient & Recyclable
    • Zinc: The Healthy Metal
  • Hot-Dip Galvanizing (HDG) Process
  • Why Hot-Dip Galvanizing?
    • Corrosion Protection
    • Durability
    • Longevity
    • Availability & Versatility
    • Aesthetics
    • Sustainability
      • Economic Advantages
  • Design and Specification
  • Summary
  • Course Navigation
    • Course Outline
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    • About the Author
    • Ask an Expert
    • Take the Test
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• Designing for Hot-Dip Galvanizing
  • Introduction
  • Tour of Projects
  • Hot-Dip Galvanizing (HDG)
  • Galvanizing Specifications
    • Supporting Specifications
  • Design & Fabrication
    • Steel Chemistry & Surface Condition
    • Size & Shape
    • Process Temperature
    • Venting & Drainage
      • Gusset and Base Plates
      • Hollow Structures
      • Tanks & Enclosed Structures
    • Welding
    • Threaded & Moving Parts
    • Additional Design Considerations
  • Inspection
    • Finish & Appearance
    • Touch-Up and Repair
    • Proper Storage & Handling
  • Duplex Systems
    • Surface Condition
    • Prepare the Surface
  • Summary
  • Course Navigation
    • Course Outline
    • Instructions
    • About the Author
    • Ask an Expert
    • Take the Test
    • Seminar Evaluation
• Sustainable Development & Hot-Dip Galvanizing
  • Introduction
  • Steel + Zinc = Sustainability
  • Sustaining Steel with Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanizing)
    • Steel & Zinc: Natural, Abundant
    • Hot-Dip Galvanizing: Reuse, Reclaim, Recycle
  • HDG Environmental Performance
    • HDG & LEED
    • HDG & EPD
      • EPDs for Hot-Dip Galvanizing
    • HDG & LCA
      • LCA Case Studies
  • HDG Economic Performance
    • LCC Case Studies
  • HDG Social Performance
  • Summary
  • Course Navigation
    • Course Outline
    • Instructions
    • About the Author
    • Ask an Expert
    • Take the Test
    • Seminar Evaluation
• Reinforcing Steel Online Seminar
  • Introduction
  • Why Protect Rebar?
  • Hot-Dip Galvanizing Process
  • Why HDG Rebar?
    • Corrosion Protection
    • Durability & Bond Strength
    • Longevity
    • Availability, Efficiency, Safety
    • Sustainability
  • Design and Specification
    • In the Field
    • Testing Galvanized Rebar
  • Summary
  • Course Navigation
    • Course Outline
    • Instructions
    • About the Author
    • Ask an Expert
    • Take the Test
    • Seminar Evaluation
• Duplex Systems: Coating Galvanized Steel
  • Introduction
  • Corrosion Protection + Color
  • Hot-Dip Galvanizing (HDG)
    • Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Benefits
  • Why Duplex?
    • Synergistic Effect
    • Economic Benefit
  • Specifying Duplex Systems
  • Preparing the HDG Surface
    • Identify the Surface Condition
    • Smooth & Clean the Surface
    • Profile the Surface
    • Coat the Surface
    • Case Studies
  • Summary: The Best of Both Worlds
  • Course Navigation
    • Course Outline
    • Instructions
    • About the Author
    • Ask an Expert
    • Take the Test
    • Seminar Evaluation
• Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel Bridges
  • Introduction
  • Current Bridge Market
    • Hot-Dip Galvanizing Process
  • Why HDG Bridges?
    • Corrosion Protection
    • Durability & Longevity
    • Availability & Versatility
    • Aesthetics
    • Sustainability
      • Economic Advantages
  • HDG Bridge Design Considerations
    • Specifying Hot-Dip Galvanizing
    • Size Considerations
    • Steel Selection
    • Girder Design Considerations
    • Dissimilar Metals
  • Minimizing Warpage & Distortion
    • ASTM A384 Recommendations
    • Additional Best Practices
  • Connection Concerns
    • Bearing and Slip Critical Connections
    • Overtapping Guidelines
    • Hydrogen & Strain-Age Embrittlement
  • Inspection
    • Touch-Up & Repair
  • Summary
  • Course Navigation
    • Course Outline
    • Instructions
    • About the Author
    • Ask an Expert
    • Take the Test
    • Seminar Evaluation
• Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel for Parking Structures
  • Introduction
  • Sustainable Development
  • What is Hot-Dip Galvanizing?
  • Social Benefits of HDG
    • Appearance
    • Safety
    • Speed of Construction
    • More with Less
    • Planning for the Future
    • Corrosion Protection
  • Economic Savings
    • Construction Savings
    • Savings in Use
    • Life-Cycle Savings
  • Environmental Advantages
    • Life-Cycle Assessment
      • LCA Case Study
  • Case Studies
  • Summary
  • Course Navigation
    • Course Outline
    • Instructions
    • About the Author
    • Ask an Expert
    • Take the Test
    • Seminar Evaluation
• Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel for Power Infrastructure
  • Introduction
  • The Current Grid
    • Generation
    • Transmission & Distribution
  • Hot-Dip Galvanizing (HDG) Process
  • HDG Performance Benefits
    • Corrosion Protection
    • Durability
    • Longevity
      • In the Atmosphere
      • Ground Level/In Soil
      • In Moisture-Rich Conditions
    • Availability & Versatility
    • Aesthetics
  • Economic Advantages
    • Initial Savings
    • Savings in Use
    • Life-Cycle Savings
  • Environmental Advantages
    • HDG & LEED
    • Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA)
  • Powering Our Future
  • Course Navigation
    • Course Outline
    • Instructions
    • About the Author
    • Ask an Expert
    • Take the Test
    • Seminar Evaluation
• Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel for Transportation
  • Introduction
  • Transportation Infrastructure
  • Hot-Dip Galvanizing (HDG) Process
  • HDG Steel Benefits
    • Corrosion Protection
    • Durability
    • Maintenance-Free
      • In the Atmosphere
      • In Soil/At Ground Level
      • In Moisture-Rich Environments
      • In Concrete
    • Efficiency
      • Speed of Construction
      • Versatility/Flexibility
    • Safety
    • Appearance
  • Economic Savings
    • Construction Savings
    • Savings in Use
    • Life-Cycle Savings
  • Environmental Advantages
    • HDG & LEED
    • Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA)
  • Case Studies
  • Go With Galvanizing
  • Course Navigation
    • Course Outline
    • Instructions
    • About the Author
    • Ask an Expert
    • Take the Test
    • Seminar Evaluation
• Inspection Course
  • Introduction
  • Galvanizing Process
    • Surface Preparation
    • Galvanizing
    • Time to First Maintenance
    • Other Corrosion Protection Systems
  • Galvanizing Standards
    • ASTM A123 for Structural Steel Products
    • ASTM A153 for Hardware
    • ASTM A767 for Reinforcing Steel
    • Other Galvanizing Standards
  • Types of Inspection
    • Coating Thickness
    • Coating Weight
    • Finish & Appearance
      • Different Appearances
      • Finish: Surface Conditions
        • A-C
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        • F-O
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        • S-T
        • U-Z
    • Additional Tests
    • Sampling
    • Field Inspection
  • Repair
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    • Zinc Spray Metallizing
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