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Ive been asked to perform blast cleaning prior to galvanizing on all steel products that are welded.  Why is this required and is this applicable for the MIG or TIG process when welding with bare or uncoated wire?

When welded structures are hot-dip galvanized, the weld area cleanliness significantly affects the quality and appearance of the galvanized coating around the weld.  If a coated electrode (i.e. a flux-coated welding wire/rod/stick) is used during welding, all welding flux and slag must be cleaned prior to galvanizing or the zinc coating will not adhere to the weld area (causing bare spots in the coating).

Chemical cleaning solutions used in the galvanizing process cannot remove weld flux and slag.  Therefore, weld slag must be removed by grinding, abrasive blast cleaning, wire brush, flame-cleaning, or chipping.

In order for weld slag to develop, flux must melt from the flux-coated welding wire/stick, then deposit onto the weld area.  Therefore, only welds performed with flux-coated wire or a flux blanket are susceptible to the formation of weld slag.  Welds performed with bare wire are not susceptible to weld slag formation and will therefore not require abrasive cleaning for this specific purpose.

See Table 1 for a list of common weld processes and whether weld slag formation is of concern for each process.  

Table 1: Common Weld Processes and the Potential for Weld Slag Formation
Welding Process Acronym(s) Potential for
Slag Formation?
Shielded Metal Arc Welding
(Manual / Stick Welding)
SMAW / MMA Yes
Flux Coated Electrode
Flux Cored Arc Welding FCAW / FCA Yes
Flux Coated Electrode
Submerged Arc Welding SAW Yes
Granular Flux Blanket
Gas Metal Arc Welding /
Metal Inert Gas Welding
GMAW / MIG No
Gas Tungsten-Arc Welding /
Tungsten Inert Gas Welding
GTAW / TIG No
Plasma Arc Welding PAW No

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Comments

Powertech

In GMAW there is a semi-solid layer of copper impurity in patches on weld bead. Please suggest how to minimise it or process of cleaning it.

John Callahan

Who is responsible for cleaning weld spatter ? Fabricator or galvanizer ? Thank you.

(AGA)

Hi John, The fabricator is responsible for cleaning up the weld slag as the galvanizer often has no say when it comes to the welding process.

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